What if I told you that your wristwatch could do more than just tell the time? Yes, it can also keep you informed about how far above sea level you are! Doesn't that sound like a function straight out of a spy movie? Well, it's real and it's called the altimeter complication. Altimeter watches, also known as pilot watches, are these remarkable pieces of technology that are just as fascinating as they sound. Let's take a deep dive into their story, shall we?
The altimeter function in a watch serves to provide altitude readings, i.e., how high above sea level you are at any given time. This is incredibly useful in various scenarios such as hiking, mountaineering, skiing, and of course, flying. Watches with an altimeter complication measure the altitude based on atmospheric pressure. As we ascend, atmospheric pressure decreases, and this change is what the watch measures and converts into an altitude reading.
Courtesy of Bremont
The concept of measuring altitude is not a new one; its roots can be traced back to as early as the 17th century when the first rudimentary barometers (devices used to measure air pressure) came into existence. However, the development of portable altimeters that could be incorporated into a wristwatch took a lot more time and technological advancements.
The 19th century saw significant progress in the field of aviation. Balloons and gliders were taking to the skies, and the need for pilots to accurately gauge their altitude became increasingly evident. Although the basic principle of altimeters hasn't changed since their early days (they still measure altitude based on air pressure), the process of miniaturizing this mechanism to fit into a wristwatch was a challenging feat that required considerable technical ingenuity.
The first successful incorporation of an altimeter in a wristwatch came from Swiss watch manufacturer, Oris, in 1938 with their Big Crown model. It was designed specifically for pilots, with an oversized crown that could be manipulated even with gloves on, and a simple altimeter function. It was a groundbreaking step, but the technology was still in its early stages, and the watch's altimeter was not as accurate as we see in today's models.
Post-World War II, the development of altimeter watches gained momentum as air travel became more accessible and popular. The advent of quartz technology in the late 20th century was another game-changer. Quartz movement enabled more precise measurements, and it allowed for a reduction in the size of the components, thus making it feasible to integrate an altimeter into the compact casing of a wristwatch.
Courtesy of RGMT
One of the milestone advancements in altimeter watch technology came in 1999 from the Finnish brand Suunto. Their Vector model was the first to offer a digital altimeter alongside other functions such as a barometer, compass, and thermometer. This watch marked a significant leap in altimeter watch development as it was not just a watch with an altimeter feature but a fully-fledged multi-function digital sports watch.
In the realm of altimeter watches, two broad categories exist: mechanical and digital. Mechanical altimeter watches function through an aneroid barometer mechanism, where a sealed capsule expands or contracts based on the atmospheric pressure. This movement then drives a set of gears, which in turn move the altimeter hand on the dial.
Digital altimeter watches, on the other hand, use electronic sensors to measure the air pressure and calculate the altitude. The reading is then displayed on a digital screen. Due to their complex sensor systems, digital altimeter watches generally provide more accurate readings than their mechanical counterparts.
Both types have their own charm and use. Mechanical altimeter watches offer an old-world charm with their intricate designs and precise engineering. They're loved by traditional watch enthusiasts who appreciate the sophistication of mechanical movements. Digital altimeter watches are preferred by athletes, mountaineers, and pilots who need precise, real-time altitude readings and additional features like GPS, weather prediction, and more.
Courtesy of Citizen
As we delve deeper into the fascinating world of altimeter watches, we are met with a sense of awe and admiration for the masterminds behind these horological marvels. Whether you're a pilot soaring through the sky, a mountaineer braving rugged terrains, or a watch enthusiast with an appreciation for innovative complications, the altimeter watch has something unique to offer. Stay tuned as we explore some individual altimeter watches in the next part of this article, each telling its own tale of horological innovation and excellence!
Ready to embark on an altitude adventure? With our altimeter watches in hand, let's head for the skies! There's no shortage of high-flying wonders in the world of horology. We'll showcase four timepieces that beautifully combine technical prowess with the altimeter function. Buckle up, we're about to take off!
Our first spotlight is on the descendant of the groundbreaking Big Crown model, the
Oris Big Crown ProPilot Altimeter. This beauty is a nod to Oris's aviation roots while encapsulating advanced horological innovation. Equipped with a mechanical altimeter, the ProPilot Altimeter prides itself on being the first automatic mechanical watch to feature a mechanical altimeter. The watch has two crowns, one for adjusting the time and the other for operating the altimeter.
Courtesy of Oris
The aesthetic charm of this piece lies in its utilitarian design and the aviation-inspired details. The sleek black dial contrasted by the white altimeter scale inscribed around the edge makes for an easy read. And let's not forget the sturdy stainless-steel case and fabric strap that echo the robust spirit of the adventurers it serves. It's truly a watch that combines the best of both worlds – tradition and innovation.
Next, let's fly to new heights with the
Favre-Leuba Raider Bivouac 9000, a watch that isn't just content with being part of the crowd. No, the Bivouac 9000 is made to break records, just as it did by becoming the first mechanical wristwatch capable of measuring altitudes up to an incredible 9000 meters! A feat that remains unbeaten to this day.
Courtesy of Favre-Leuba
The Raider Bivouac 9000 is the epitome of resilience, featuring a robust titanium case and a large, highly legible dial for optimal readability even in the most adverse conditions. The altimeter hand, distinct with its red and white design, allows for easy altitude readings. This watch is a clear tribute to the brand's pioneering spirit, and it's perfect for mountaineers who dare to venture to the world's highest peaks.
Bridging the gap between traditional watchmaking and high-tech functionality is the
Breitling Exospace B55. This is no ordinary altimeter watch; it's a 'connected' chronograph, marrying smart technology with the traditional wristwatch. In essence, it’s a timepiece that sits comfortably on the wrists of pilots and tech-enthusiasts alike.
Courtesy of Breitling
The Exospace B55 offers a host of functions including an electronic tachymeter, a countdown/countup system, and yes, you guessed it, an altimeter! The black titanium case, coupled with the blue dial and connected strap, results in a sleek and modern aesthetic. But perhaps the most exciting part is the pairing with a smartphone app, which allows you to track and store data from the altimeter and other functions. It's safe to say, with the Exospace B55, Breitling is successfully pushing the boundaries of watch technology.
Lastly, we have the Garmin Fenix 6 Pro, a true example of a modern, digital altimeter watch designed for athletes and outdoor enthusiasts. With a rugged design, this smartwatch offers topographic maps, a heart rate monitor, GPS, and, of course, a highly precise altimeter.
Courtesy of Garmin
The Fenix 6 Pro has an uncanny ability to track and predict weather changes, enabling adventurers to make informed decisions based on altitude and barometric pressure. The large, sunlight-readable display shows clear, easy-to-understand graphics and is enclosed in a reinforced case for durability. This watch doesn't just tell time; it guides, assists, and accompanies you on your adventures.
And there you have it, four extraordinary timepieces, each with its unique take on the altimeter function. From the traditional, mechanical charm of the Oris Big Crown ProPilot Altimeter to the high-tech prowess of the Garmin Fenix 6 Pro, the world of altimeter watches is truly as varied as it is fascinating.
In conclusion, the altimeter complication exemplifies how the world of horology continues to push the boundaries of what a watch can do. It's not just about telling time anymore; it's about enhancing our experiences, whether that's in the air, up a mountain, or simply on an urban adventure. Through their ability to adapt and innovate, these altimeter watches affirm that in the realm of horology, the sky's truly the limit!